High Seas Fleet Surrender 35 – The German Fleet at Anchor


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The High Seas Fleet was escorted to an anchorage in the Forth near Aberlady.

The capital ships were anchored in mid-river, the destroyers closer to shore off Cockenzie.

The positions of the anchorages were determined from bearings to the north and south tips of Inchcolm, the Martello Tower at Leith Docks and Craig Waugh light.

The Grand Fleet sailed on dismissively back to their base at Rosyth, leaving Armed Trawlers from Granton to ensure that no-one left or boarded any of the German ships.

Here is a copy of their orders.

CONFIDENTIAL

Armed Trawler Patrol to Guard German ships while anchored in the Firth of Forth

From. . . The Admiral second-in-command Grand Fleet
Date . . . 20th November 1918
To . . . . .The Officers commanding the command
Object of Patrol

A. To prevent all boats which are not manned by naval personnel approaching the German ships from the westward nearer than a distance of half a mile.

B. To stop any German boats that may attempt to leave their ships.

2. Force Employed

Armed Trawler No 3574 Thomas Whipple (Senior Officer)
3542 George Bligh
3575 George Westphall
3696 Joseph Connell
3832 John Johnson
3673 Edward Collingwood

3. General Information
(C) A plan of the anchorage is attached *
* Supplied to armed trawlers only

(D) On arrival at the anchorage a preliminary examination of the German ships will be carried out by parties from the guarding ships & Destroyers, and a more detailed inspection will be made on Friday 22nd November.

(E) During the dark hours each ship of the guarding force on the columns adjacent to the German ships will keep two searchlights ready for instant use and also two secondary armament guns – 8 Destroyers of the Destroyers’ guarding force will have steam at instant readiness
Each German ship has been ordered to three white lights at the stem and two at the stern and to illuminate the upper deck with coaling lights.

(4) Orders for Armed Trawler Patrols

(G) Two trawlers are to patrol continuously the western approach to lines A to E, and two armed trawlers are to patrol the Western approach to lines F,G,H.

The remaining two armed trawlers are to anchor as convenient under the lee of Inchkeith and keep steam at half an hours’ notice.

The Senior Officer of the trawler patrol is to arrange reliefs as convenient.

(H) The trawlers on patrol are to cruise continuously at slow speed, at a distance of not more than about 2 cables from the Western lines of heavy ships and Destroyers respectively. Navigation lights are to be shown during the dark hours.

(I) Boats from H. M. Ships only are to be permitted to approach the German ships.

(J) If any German boat attempts to leave a German ships she is to be stopped & towed alongside H.M.S. Revenge.

(5) Communications
If it is necessary for any trawlers on patrol to communicate with H.M.S. Revenge one of the following methods should be adopted

(X) Detach one trawler to close “Revenge”

(Y) Communicate through H.M.S. Blonde, in the case of trawlers patrolling the northern anchorage.

(Z) Communicate through the westernmost Destroyer of the 11th Destroyer Flotilla in the case of the Southern anchorage

NOTE: – The procedure outlined in (X) is desirable if long signals are involved.

(6) General
In the event of bad weather, the trawlers employed on patrol duties may be required to transport the searching parties mentioned in paragraph 3(D), in which case special instructions will be issued.

C. E. Madden – Admiral

Distribution

Each Trawler 1 Copy
Commander-in-Chief, Coast of Scotland 2
Extended Defence Officer, Inchkeith 1
Senior Naval Officer, Granton 1
Commanding Officer H.M.S. Revenge 3
Commanding Officer H.M.S. Blonde 1
Commodore (F) 6
Rear Admiral Commanding 2nd Battle Cruiser Squadron 1
Rear Admiral Commanding 2nd Light Cruiser Squadron 1
Rear Admiral Commanding 3rd Light Cruiser Squadron 1
Commander-in-Chief, Grand Fleet 1
Rear Admiral, First Battle Squadron 1

The German Fleet at Anchor

The German Fleet after surrender by James Paterson

The German Fleet at sunset by Charles Pears

Admiral Beatty’s Signals

Beatty sent a signal to the German Admiral – “The German Flag is to be hauled down at 15:57 [sunset] today Thursday and is not to be hoisted again without permission”,

and another to the Grand Fleet –

“It is my intention to hold a service of thanksgiving at 6 pm today, for the victory which Almighty God has vouchsafed to His Majesty’s arms, and every ship is recommended to do the same”.


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